Choosing the right cartridge for hunting or self-defense is a crucial decision. Two rounds often compared are the relatively new 350 Legend and the venerable 45-70 Government. While both offer impressive stopping power, they differ significantly in ballistics, recoil, and intended applications. This comprehensive comparison will delve into the specifics, providing you with the information you need to make an informed choice. Understanding the nuances beyond a simple ballistics chart is key to selecting the best cartridge for your needs.
Disclaimer: The information below is based on general ballistics data and may vary depending on the specific ammunition manufacturer, barrel length, and other factors. Always consult your firearm's manual and practice safe firearm handling.
Ballistics Comparison: 350 Legend vs. 45-70 Government
While a simple chart provides a quick overview, understanding the context of those numbers is vital. Direct comparison is difficult due to the significant differences in cartridge design and intended use.
(Note: Data presented is representative and may vary slightly depending on the specific ammunition load.)
| Cartridge | Bullet Weight (grains) | Muzzle Velocity (fps) | Muzzle Energy (ft-lbs) | Recoil (approx.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 350 Legend | 150-180 | 2200-2350 | 1700-2100 | Moderate |
| 45-70 Government | 300-500 | 1800-2200 | 2000-3500 | Substantial |
Key Differences and Considerations Beyond the Numbers
The above chart highlights the significant differences in velocity and energy. However, several other factors must be considered:
Velocity and Energy:
- 350 Legend: Offers a flatter trajectory at longer ranges, making it suitable for hunting deer-sized game at moderate distances. The higher velocity contributes to better penetration at these ranges.
- 45-70 Government: Possesses significantly more stopping power, especially at closer ranges. Its heavier bullets deliver massive energy transfer, making it ideal for larger game or situations requiring immediate incapacitation. However, its trajectory is more arched, impacting accuracy at longer distances.
Recoil:
- 350 Legend: Manageable recoil for most shooters, allowing for quicker follow-up shots.
- 45-70 Government: Substantial recoil, making it more challenging for some shooters, especially those with less experience. This can impact accuracy and the ability to make multiple shots quickly.
Applications:
- 350 Legend: Primarily designed for deer hunting, and other medium-sized game hunting at moderate ranges. Its manageable recoil makes it a popular choice for newer hunters.
- 45-70 Government: Traditionally a powerful hunting round, effective against large game like elk and bear. It also sees use in self-defense scenarios where maximum stopping power is crucial. It's also popular among lever-action enthusiasts.
Ammunition Availability and Cost:
Both cartridges are readily available, but the 45-70 Government might have a slightly wider selection of bullet weights and types. Generally, 350 Legend ammunition is often slightly more affordable.
Conclusion: The Right Cartridge for the Job
The "better" cartridge depends entirely on your needs and preferences. The 350 Legend shines with its flatter trajectory, manageable recoil, and suitability for deer hunting at moderate distances. The 45-70 Government provides unparalleled stopping power but demands respect for its substantial recoil. Carefully consider your intended use, your shooting experience, and your comfort level with recoil before making a decision. Ultimately, the best way to decide is to handle both firearms and test the recoil and accuracy for yourself at a shooting range.
