The legality of firearm suppressors, often called silencers, in Arizona can be confusing. While the federal government regulates suppressors under the National Firearms Act (NFA), individual states also have their own laws that can either restrict or expand upon federal regulations. This guide clarifies the legal landscape of suppressors in Arizona.
Federal Regulations: The National Firearms Act (NFA)
Before diving into Arizona-specific laws, it's crucial to understand the federal framework. The NFA of 1934 heavily regulates suppressors, classifying them as National Firearms Act (NFA) items. This means that owning a suppressor requires:
- Registration: You must register the suppressor with the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF).
- Background Check: A thorough background check is conducted before approval. This process can take several months.
- Tax Stamp: A significant tax ($200 as of 2024) must be paid.
Failure to comply with these federal regulations carries severe penalties, including hefty fines and imprisonment.
Arizona State Laws on Suppressors
Arizona law largely aligns with federal regulations regarding suppressors. There are no state-level laws that prohibit the ownership or possession of suppressors that are legally registered under the NFA. This means that if you successfully navigate the federal registration process, you are generally permitted to own a suppressor in Arizona.
Key Considerations:
- Local Ordinances: While Arizona state law is permissive, certain municipalities might have local ordinances restricting suppressors. It's crucial to check with your local law enforcement agency or city council to ensure compliance at the local level. Many smaller towns or cities may not have specific regulations regarding suppressors, but it's always best to confirm.
- Transportation: The transportation of suppressors is subject to both federal and state regulations. Ensuring proper documentation and adhering to all transportation laws is paramount to avoid legal issues.
- Hunting Regulations: While suppressors are legal for hunting in Arizona, specific regulations may apply depending on the type of game and hunting location. Consult the Arizona Game and Fish Department's regulations for the most up-to-date information on hunting with suppressors.
The Process of Legally Owning a Suppressor in Arizona: A Step-by-Step Guide
- Find a Licensed Dealer: Purchase your suppressor from a licensed dealer who is familiar with NFA regulations.
- ATF Form 1 or Form 4: You will need to fill out either ATF Form 1 (if you are making your own suppressor) or ATF Form 4 (if you are buying a commercially manufactured suppressor).
- Background Check and Fingerprinting: Be prepared for a thorough background check and fingerprinting as part of the application process.
- Tax Stamp Payment: Pay the $200 tax stamp.
- Waiting Period: Expect a significant waiting period (often several months) for ATF approval.
- Take Possession: Once the ATF approves your application, you can take possession of your suppressor.
Conclusion: Navigating the Legal Landscape of Suppressors in Arizona
While suppressors are legal in Arizona if you follow federal regulations, the process of obtaining one is complex and requires careful attention to detail. Failing to comply with either federal or local laws can lead to serious legal consequences. Always consult with a legal professional specializing in firearms law before purchasing or possessing a suppressor in Arizona to ensure full compliance. This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice.
